How can parents improve the literacy skills of their children?

(Homelit)

About

Learning to read is a unique ability developed in early school years, that is indispensable to children’s academic achievement, as well as to a healthy, safe and a prosperous life. However, the development trajectory of reading skills can be severely influenced by children’s socio-economic background. Research has shown systematically that one of the leading causes of the limited literacy skills of many underprivileged children is their inadequate language development which is often explained by the low- quality of parent-child communication. To date, there is very little empirical evidence that shows how families can improve the language skills of their children effectively.

"How can parents improve the literacy skills of their children?" (Homelit) is a research project funded by the Romanian Government through the Exploratory Research Projects mechanism (the 2021 Fundamental and Frontier Research Call*) which aims to measure the extent to which a home-based parent implemented educational intervention program can develop the language and literacy skills of socioeconomically disadvantaged children. This research wants to answer the following questions: 1. To what extent can a systematic guided homework program help parents improve the vocabulary, listening and reading comprehension of their children on measures that include target words? 2. To what extent the potential gains of such program generalize to standardized measures of vocabulary, listening and reading comprehension?

This project aims to answer these questions through a field experimental study (randomized control trial) that will measure the effects of a home-based educational intervention program aimed to develop the language and literacy skills of children raised in socio-economically disadvantaged homes. This type of design is acknowledged as the best way of drawing conclusions about whether an intervention is effective or not. The results of this study aim to inform teachers and educational stakeholders about how they can effectively team-up with the parents in order to support their students’ language and literacy development.

*More details about the call can be found here

Principal Investigator and Host Institution

Dacian Dolean, PhD (Babes-Bolyai University)

Team
Laura Visu-Petra (Babes-Bolyai University)
Dornea Rareș-George (Babes-Bolyai University)
Vîlcu Mihai-Darius (Babes-Bolyai University)
Doru Diana-Maria (Babes-Bolyai University)
Pupăză Elena-Corina (Babes-Bolyai University)

Project duration

31 months

Total funding

248,318.75 EURO

Results:

Our findings showed that the students who received additional language arts homework improved substantially their background knowledge, but the positive effects did not show far transfer effects on standardized reading and language tests. They also showed that the students from the control group who received additional math homework improved significantly some skills: Rounding numbers and algebraic equations. The average time spent on homework was 18 minutes daily for 80 days. Most parents appreciated the homework assignments as being easy or very easy (96%), that the Parental Guide was clearly written (96%) and useful (96%) and helping their children was easy (93%). The results indicate that a moderate amount of homework associated with guided parental support has the potential to substantially improve the elementary students' academic achievement, but also that these effects are limited and we should be cautious about generalizing the impact of homework.

International presentations

Dolean, D.D. (November, 2023). How can we use books to develop academic vocabulary, paragraph writing, and reading comprehension? Lecture at the Southeast TESOL annual meeting, Myrtle Beach, SC (USA).

Dolean, D.D. (November, 2023). Reading and writing connection: Sentence structure instruction affects reading comprehension. Lecture at the Southeast TESOL annual meeting, Myrtle Beach, SC (USA).

Dolean, D.D., Lervag, A. & Melby-Lervag, M. (2024). The impact of a structured oral langauge intervention on oral language skills, reading comprehension and writing skills. Symposium presentation to the 31st Annual Meeting of the Society for the Scientific Studies of Reading, Copenhagen (Denmark).

Dolean, D.D., Lervag, A. & Melby-Lervag, M. (2024). The impact of an oral language intervention on vocabulary, reading comprehension and written composition.Paper presentation to the EARLI - SIG2 conference, Valencia (Spain).

Publications

Dolean, D.D. & Prodan, N. (2023). Let's eat grandma: Awareness of punctuation and capitalization rules' violations predicts the development of reading comprehension. Learning and Instruction, 86, 101780, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2023.101780

Dolean, D.D. (under review). A complicated view of the simple view of reading.

Dolean, D.D., Prodan, N., & Visu-Petra, L. (under review). Putting the active view of reading to the test: Rapid automatized naming (but not vocabulary, nor executive functions) predict de development of word recognition.

Dolean, D. D., Lervag, A. & Melby-Lervag, M. (forthcoming). The impact of homework and guided parental support on the background knowledge and math skills of socioeconomically disadvantaged children

Scientific and Technical Report 2022

Scientific and Technical Report 2023

Scientific and Technical Report 2024